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| Cantaloupe (Muskmelon) Japan ![]() MyCrops Resources Melon Specification:
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The muskmelon (Cucumis melo), like watermelon, is hardly a vegetable, but it is an important truck and garden crop. There is a tendency in America to refer to muskmelons merely as "melons," but that is confusing because watermelons are also loosely called "melons." The most popular type of muskmelon in America is the small, oval, heavily netted kind commonly called a cantaloupe. All cantaloupes are muskmelons, but not all muskmelons are cantaloupes. Muskmelons have a wide range of other forms, sizes, and flesh qualities, such as the Honey Dew, Casaba, and Persian types; the large Bender, Montreal, and such odd varieties as the elongated Banana should not be called "cantaloupes." Muskmelon will not cross with watermelon, cucumber, pumpkin, or squash, but varieties within the species intercross freely. Muskmelon is so named because of the delightful odor of the ripe fruits. Musk is a Persian word for a kind of perfume; melon is French, from the Latin melopepo, meaning "apple-shaped melon" and derived from Greek words of similar meaning. Muskmelon is native to Persia (Iran) and adjacent areas on the west and the east. Persia and the trans-Caucasus are believed to be the main center of origin and development, with a secondary center including the northwest provinces of India, also Kashmir and Afghanistan. Although truly wild forms of C. melo have not been found, several related wild species have been noted in those regions. Varieties The Fruits can be classified into two groups: smooth and netted skin. Popular varieties currently planted are Jade Dew, Sun Lady and New Century. Other varieties also planted include Sky Rocket, Sun Rise and Milky Way. Pest Control During establishment, muskmelon seedling is susceptible to many fungal diseases. As it grows, the plant also faces many insect pests (thrips, aphids, mites, beetles and fruit flies) as well as other diseases (fungi and virus). Mammalian pests may come as the plants start to fruit. Ensure proper insecticides and fungal are used to ensure the growth are in good rates. Post Harvesting PLANT CHARACTERISTICS Overview. Cucumis melo var reticulatus is a warm season vining crop, generally requiring 80 to 120 days of warm conditions from seed to maturity. Best melon quality is obtained in areas with high temperatures, high light, minimal rainfall, and relatively low humidity during the growing season. Roots Cantaloupe roots spread out laterally and vertically to substantial depths. As common to most Cucurbitaceae, cantaloupes have a substantial volume of fibrous roots. As the vine begins to lengthen, root initials develop at the nodes. These roots become more significant for nutritional and water acquisition to the growing vine and fruit. If the vines are disrupted and the roots are broken, productivity is diminished. In plastic culture this effect is diminished or eliminated. Stem The main vine grows about 18 inches without branching and produces only male flowers (with 3 to 5 stamen). After this, the stem branches out from the crown. Each branch of the main stem bears 1 to 2 perfect flowers near the connection to the main stem. Under favorable conditions, these perfect flowers and those formed on the main stem just before branching form what is called the ‘crown set.’ Heavy crown set is desirable because of the early harvest and generally better market prices high fruit quality, and concentrated maturity. Stems of cantaloupes are cylindrical, and covered with trichomes. They are rigid and brittle, not responding well to movement. Flower Cantaloupe flowers are andromonoecious, first producing groups of male flowers in clusters in the lower leaf axils, then producing single perfect flowers (those having both male and female organs) along the branching stem. Each of the flowers is open for only one day before senescing.
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